模具加工中模具變形的發(fā)生是指模具在工作項(xiàng)目中發(fā)生過(guò)大的彈性變形或塑性變形，使模具無(wú)法正常工作或產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量不合格。原因及排除方法如下。
The occurrence of mold deformation in mold processing refers to the excessive elastic deformation or plastic deformation of the mold in the work project, which makes the mold unable to work normally or the product quality unqualified. The causes and troubleshooting are as follows.
剛性不足
Insufficient rigidity
在注塑成型過(guò)程中，模具承受著巨大的保壓壓力。如果這種壓力導(dǎo)致模具變形，模具將無(wú)法使用，但即使在彈性限度內(nèi)，模具產(chǎn)生的變形也可以恢復(fù)。模具的凝固和成型會(huì)使模具的打開變得困難甚不可能。發(fā)生這種情況時(shí)，無(wú)法對(duì)模具進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)改造，但可適當(dāng)降低注射壓力，或從外部加裝框架以增強(qiáng)剛性。雖然不好看，但是也用過(guò)。
In the process of injection molding, the mold bears great pressure. If this pressure causes permanent deformation of the die, the die will not be used, but the deformation generated by the die can be recovered even within the elastic limit. The solidification and molding of the mold will make the opening of the mold difficult or even impossible. In this case, the structure of the mold cannot be modified, but the injection pressure can be appropriately reduced or a frame can be added from the outside to enhance the rigidity. Although it doesn't look good, it's also used.
模具裝配錯(cuò)位
Mold assembly dislocation
如果模具組裝不當(dāng)，如模具對(duì)中不良，合模部位及其接頭對(duì)位不準(zhǔn)確，造成熔體充填不平衡，容易造成模具變形或錯(cuò)位。對(duì)此，應(yīng)重新組裝模具，有時(shí)可以通過(guò)校正澆口來(lái)校正充模不平衡。
If the mold is not assembled properly, such as poor alignment of the mold, inaccurate alignment of the clamping part and its joint, resulting in unbalanced melt filling, which is easy to cause mold deformation or dislocation. In this regard, the mold should be reassembled. Sometimes the mold filling imbalance can be corrected by correcting the gate.
模具的正確使用和保養(yǎng)是提高模具質(zhì)量的一大因素。比如模具的安裝調(diào)試方法要合適，有熱流道的情況下，電源接線要正確，冷卻水回路要符合設(shè)計(jì)要求，注塑機(jī)的參數(shù)，模具制作過(guò)程中的壓鑄機(jī)和壓力機(jī)應(yīng)符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。
The correct use and maintenance of molds is a major factor in improving the quality of molds. For example, the installation and commissioning method of the mold should be appropriate. When there is a hot runner, the power wiring should be correct, the cooling water circuit should meet the design requirements, the parameters of the injection molding machine, and the die casting machine and press in the process of mold manufacturing should meet the design requirements.
濟(jì)南注塑加工人員認(rèn)為在正確使用模具的同時(shí)，還需要對(duì)模具進(jìn)行定期保養(yǎng)。導(dǎo)柱、導(dǎo)套等與模具有相對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的部位應(yīng)經(jīng)常加注潤(rùn)滑油。對(duì)于鍛造模、塑料模、壓鑄模等模具，成型前應(yīng)在成型件表面噴涂潤(rùn)滑劑或脫模劑。
Jinan injection molding workers believe that while using the mold correctly, they also need to maintain the mold regularly. The parts with relative movement with the die such as guide post and guide sleeve shall be filled with lubricating oil frequently. For forging dies, plastic dies, die-casting dies and other dies, lubricant or release agent shall be sprayed on the surface of the formed parts before forming.
所以模具設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)要考慮周全，包括模具材料的選用，模具結(jié)構(gòu)的可使用性及性，模具零件的可加工性及模具維修的方便性，這些在設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)都要考慮到，權(quán)衡綜合性能，有利因素很大化。
Therefore, the mold design should be considered comprehensively, including the selection of mold materials, the usability and safety of mold structure, the machinability of mold parts and the convenience of mold maintenance. These should be taken into account in the design to weigh the comprehensive performance and greatly reduce the favorable factors.
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